Greek education has made strides in essential education reforms aimed at modernizing its education system, an OECD review suggests. Among others, the report sheds light on the incorporation of internal and external assessments of schools, reinforcing he role of educational means through new responsibilities and leading roles, as well as investing in digital transformation.
The review, however, highlights that despite the successful reforms, a coherent alignment of all actions is needed to upgrade Greek education, combined with effective governance. It also underlines that a core requirement in achieving success is supporting the role of educators and school principals.
At the same time, the updating of school curricula—with an emphasis on critical thinking and problem-solving—is viewed positively, as is the introduction of compulsory preschool education from the age of four.
In addition, investments in digital infrastructure and educational platforms are strengthening teaching and learning, while the introduction of Skills Workshops and early foreign-language learning contributes to the development of cross-disciplinary skills.
However, fluctuations in student performance persist, particularly in mathematics and reading comprehension. Socio-economic and geographic inequalities continue to affect learning outcomes, while centralized governance limits the ability of schools to adapt to local needs.
The OECD recommends a gradual strengthening of school autonomy, alongside safeguards to ensure national cohesion and equality. It also stresses the need to build implementation capacity at the local and regional levels, so that reforms translate into tangible improvements in the classroom.
It calls for a clear delineation of roles and responsibilities among governance bodies, as well as the development of frameworks that link teacher evaluation to professional development. At the same time, it highlights the need to improve access to and quality of early childhood education, especially for children under the age of four.
Particular emphasis is placed on ensuring the meaningful integration, monitoring, and evaluation of digital initiatives, in order to enhance their effectiveness within the educational environment.
