The European Union is moving forward with plans to create a “drone wall”—a network of radars and interceptor systems—aimed at defending its eastern borders from Russian unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, the initiative is already facing criticism and skepticism from several EU countries.
The proposal, championed by European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, comes after Russian drones were detected over Poland, Romania, Denmark, Norway, and recently Germany. Von der Leyen presented the concept as a way to strengthen the EU’s eastern defenses, though both the name and the idea have sparked controversy.
Countries closer to Russia, including the Baltics and Poland, consider the drone wall a logical response to rising threats. Meanwhile, nations further west question its cost, effectiveness, and integration with NATO and national defense strategies. French President Emmanuel Macron emphasized that no “perfect wall” can cover Europe’s 3,000-kilometer borders as reported by Politico.
Supporters argue the project is feasible and relatively quick to deploy. Andrius Kubilius, EU Commissioner for Defense and former Lithuanian Prime Minister, estimated that the system for Poland and the Baltic states could cost around €1 billion and be operational within a year. He also clarified that the term “wall” might be misleading, referencing France’s historic Maginot Line fortifications.
Critics warn that a drone wall cannot address broader security challenges such as cyberattacks, air defense, or ammunition production. German MEP Hanna Neumann stressed that it should not be seen as a catch-all solution.
Funding is another point of contention. The EU intends to use community funds, requiring unanimous approval from member states. Southern European leaders, including Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis, have voiced concerns that the project should benefit the entire EU, not only the eastern frontline. Finland’s Petteri Orpo called for solidarity, highlighting past EU cooperation during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Despite disagreements over cost, scope, and terminology, EU leaders have tentatively approved the initiative. Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen described it as a “European anti-drone network,” emphasizing function over name.
The move comes amid rising tensions with Russia, which has tested NATO defenses with UAV incursions. While leaders acknowledge that the drone wall is not a complete solution, they agree it is a necessary step to protect eastern Europe.
Analyst Christian Melling of the Bertelsmann Foundation noted that while the wall can provide regional defense, broader measures targeting command, logistics, and production capabilities are crucial. Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk echoed this realism, stressing that no system can offer 100% security but that action is needed to maximize protection.
