In its judgment, the court ordered Greece to pay a lump sum of 5.5 million euros to the European Commission, along with a daily penalty of 12,500 euros for every day of non-compliance.

By 2030, the volume of secondary fuel (SRF) and residual waste is projected to reach 1.45 million tons per year.

Greece recycles less than 20% of its waste and landfills over 75%. Can EU pressure, island pilot projects, and global momentum help shift Greece to a circular model?

Local governments have challenged waste disposal costs amid transparency concerns, sparking significant tension between local governments, the Attica Regional Authority, and the central government.