Face-to-face talks between President Trump and Vladimir Putin on Friday will give the Russian president a chance to pitch his conditions for peace , chief among them for Ukraine to hand over swaths of its territory.

Putin has long coveted the south and east of Ukraine, which his army has failed to fully occupy. Trump has said he would seek to negotiate a swap that would return some of the territory Russia occupies back to Ukraine, without offering further detail.

The Kremlin has declared five occupied regions to be part of Russia—Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, Kherson and Crimea. Of those, Russia fully occupies Crimea, almost all of Luhansk and much of the other three.

Here’s the lay of the land in the area that Putin is eyeing.

Putin in 2022 declared four Ukrainian regions to be part of Russia. Moscow had already seized Crimea in 2014. Ukraine recaptured the city of Kherson , the regional capital, in late 2022, and Russia has never come close to controlling Zaporizhzhia.

The eastern province of Donetsk is a top target for Putin, but his military has struggled to take control of several of its key cities. Russian infantry penetrated Ukraine’s first line of defense near the city of Dobropillya in recent days, but Ukrainian forces are counterattacking. Russian forces are currently besieging the cities of Kostyantynivka and Pokrovsk, which they have been unsuccessfully trying to seize for more than a year.

The regions of Kherson and Zaporizhzhia are partially occupied by Russia. They are critical to Moscow as they form a so-called land bridge between Russia and the occupied peninsula of Crimea . Ukraine wants to open the ports of Kherson and Mykolaiv for exports of goods such as its major farming products such as grain. They are both closed due to the presence of Russian troops on the opposite river banks of shipping routes to the Black Sea. undefined

Graphics sources: Institute for the Study of War and AEI’s Critical Threats Project (Russian forces and advances as of Aug. 12); Brady Africk, American Enterprise Institute (Russian fortifications) undefined