The United States has urged Spain to exercise caution as it expands its economic relationship with China, warning that Beijing’s growing presence in strategic sectors could pose risks to security, technology and critical infrastructure.
Speaking in one of his first public appearances since becoming U.S. ambassador to Spain in February, Benjamin Leon said Madrid should be “very careful” about allowing Chinese influence to extend into sensitive areas such as telecommunications, data management and defense.
His remarks come at a time when relations between Washington and Madrid have faced strains over defense spending and broader geopolitical issues.
Concerns Over Critical Infrastructure
Leon specifically raised concerns about public contracts awarded to companies working with Huawei, the Chinese technology firm that the United States considers a security risk.
“I don’t think that attains the level of security at which Spain and the United States are exchanging information,” Leon said.
While he acknowledged that Spain could maintain economic relations with China, he argued that safeguards were necessary to prevent Chinese involvement in sectors considered vital to national security.
“If Spain ensures that China is kept out of critical areas, why not negotiate,” he said. “But I see that they are starting to penetrate into critical areas and Spain must be really careful about this.”
Call to Protect Research and Technology
The ambassador also warned that China is seeking to strengthen its influence through strategic technologies and critical industries.
“China seeks to dominate critical technologies,” Leon said, adding that unfair trade practices and economic pressure create risks for supply chains, scientific research and security.
He called on European countries to safeguard their research capabilities, intellectual property and democratic values while navigating economic relationships with Beijing.
China has repeatedly rejected accusations from Washington regarding espionage and unfair business practices.
Tensions Between Washington and Madrid
Leon’s comments come against a backdrop of disagreements between the administration of U.S. President Donald Trump and Spain’s government.
Relations have been affected by Madrid’s refusal to support a NATO commitment to raise defense spending to 5% of gross domestic product. Spain has also declined to allow the United States to use its military bases and airspace in operations linked to the conflict with Iran.
Last year, Trump suggested economic sanctions against Spain could be considered over defense spending disputes.
However, Leon sought to downplay the likelihood of punitive measures, despite acknowledging that Spain’s position had frustrated the U.S. president.
“As I see it, there will always be a compromise between Spain and the United States,” he said. “One way or the other we will find ways to keep working and improving our relationship.”
Defense Partnership Remains Key
Despite policy differences, Leon emphasized the strategic importance of military cooperation between the two countries.
He described the U.S.-Spanish naval facilities at Rota and Morón in southern Spain as “fundamental bases for our collective defense,” amid concerns that any future reduction of U.S. forces in Europe could affect American military installations on Spanish territory.
Highlighting the broader security environment, Leon stressed the need for Europe to strengthen its own defense capabilities while maintaining close cooperation with Washington.
“We live in very dangerous times. Europe must be prepared to defend itself. The U.S. will be at its side,” he said.
