Each year on March 6, Greece commemorates Melina Mercouri Day, honoring the legacy of a woman who was not only a celebrated actress but also a fervent advocate for culture and a national icon. As an actress, philanthropist, activist, and politician, Mercouri’s multifaceted contributions have left an indelible mark on Greek society.
Born in Athens in 1920, Mercouri rose to international fame as an actress, most notably in the 1960 film Never on Sunday, for which she won Best Actress at the Cannes Film Festival. The film’s success, along with her passionate performance in Topkapi and other works, established her as Greece’s most recognizable cinematic star.
Along with having earned several accolades in the movie industry, Mercouri was a staunch advocate for democracy. During Greece’s military dictatorship, she became an outspoken opponent of the junta. She lived in exile, using her global fame to rally international support against the regime. When the junta stripped her of her Greek citizenship, she famously responded, “I was born Greek and I will die Greek. They cannot take away my citizenship.” This quote ultimately became part of her legacy and solidified Mercouri’s position in Greek culture as a fiery symbol of resistance.
After democracy was restored, Mercouri entered politics, serving as Greece’s Minister of Culture from 1981 to 1989. She launched the European Capital of Culture initiative, which continues to this day, highlighting the cultural significance of different European cities. One of her most passionate campaigns was for the return of the Parthenon Marbles from the British Museum, an issue that remains central to Greece’s cultural policy.
As a politician, Mercouri was beloved by many as the result of many years of advocacy and public dedication to Greece preceding her service. During her eight years, she accomplished several restoration projects, archaeological research feats, she opened access to multiple museums for Greek citizens to receive a more fruitful education, established annual literary prizes, and much more.
Mercouri’s philanthropy extended far beyond politics. She promoted arts education, supported artists, and revitalized Greek cultural institutions. 31 years after her passion, her belief that “Culture is Greece’s heavy industry” holds more truth than ever.
