With temperatures remaining exceptionally high during the ongoing heatwave, the Hellenic Red Cross has issued fresh guidance on recognizing and responding to heatstroke, a medical emergency that can quickly become life-threatening if left untreated.

Heatstroke occurs when the body’s temperature rises to dangerous levels—typically above 41°C (105.8°F)—and it can no longer cool itself effectively. The condition is most likely to affect people exposed to extreme heat, high humidity and little or no wind, particularly those working or exercising outdoors without adequate protection.

Who is most at risk?

According to the Hellenic Red Cross, the groups most vulnerable to heatstroke include:

• Older adults
• Infants and young children
• People living with obesity
• Individuals with chronic health conditions
• People with alcohol dependence

Heatstroke symptoms

The organization warns that the following symptoms require immediate attention:

• Body temperature above 41°C
• Hot, red and dry skin
• Little or no sweating
• Low blood pressure
• Rapid, weak pulse
• Dizziness, nausea and severe confusion
• Reduced consciousness, fainting or coma
• Seizures

What to do immediately

The Hellenic Red Cross stresses that rapidly lowering body temperature is critical.

Anyone suspected of suffering from heatstroke should be moved immediately to a cool, shaded or air-conditioned place. Cold or ice packs should be applied to the neck, armpits and groin, while breathing and pulse should be monitored.

Emergency services should be contacted immediately by calling 166 or 112, and the person should be transported to hospital as quickly as possible.

Urgent medical assistance is especially necessary if the individual becomes confused or unresponsive, loses consciousness, experiences seizures, or has a body temperature above 41°C.

How to prevent heatstroke

The Hellenic Red Cross recommends avoiding unnecessary travel during periods of extreme heat, limiting physical activity during the hottest hours of the day, wearing lightweight and light-colored clothing, hats and sunglasses, drinking plenty of fluids, eating light meals, and staying in cool or air-conditioned spaces whenever possible.

The organization also reminds the public never to leave elderly people, infants or young children alone during a heatwave, and never to leave children or pets inside parked vehicles, even for a few minutes. Pets should always have access to fresh water, shade and adequate ventilation.